Ngokuthandwa kwamathuluzi omshini we-CNC, ubuchwepheshe bokugaya izintambo busetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokukhiqiza imishini. Ukugaya izintambo kuyindlela yokuxhumanisa enezinhlangothi ezintathu yethuluzi lomshini we-CNC, elisebenzisa umshini wokugaya izintambo ukwenza ukugaya okujikelezayo ukuze kwakhiwe izintambo. Umshini wokusika wenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo endizeni evundlile, futhi uhambisa intambo ngokuqondile endizeni evundlile. Ukugaya izintambo kunezinzuzo eziningi ezifana nokusebenza kahle kokucubungula, ikhwalithi ephezulu yentambo, ukuguquguquka okuhle kwamathuluzi, kanye nokuphepha okuhle kokucubungula. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamathuluzi okugaya izintambo asetshenziswayo njengamanje. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukuhlaziya nokwethula abasiki abaningana abavamile bokugaya izintambo kusukela emibonweni yezici zohlelo lokusebenza, isakhiwo samathuluzi, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula.
1 Umsiki wokugaya intambo ojwayelekile wohlobo lwe-clamp yomshini
Ithuluzi lokugaya intambo elinohlobo lwe-clamp lisetshenziswa kakhulu futhi lingabizi kakhulu ekugayweni kwentambo. Isakhiwo salo sifana nesomshini wokugaya ojwayelekile wohlobo lwe-clamp. Liqukethe isibambi samathuluzi esingasetshenziswa kabusha kanye ne-blade elingashintshwa kalula. Uma udinga ukushaqa izintambo, ungasebenzisa futhi izibambi zamathuluzi ezikhethekile kanye nama-blade ezintambo ze-taper. Leli blade linamazinyo amaningi okusika izintambo. Ithuluzi lingacubungula amazinyo amaningi entambo ngesikhathi esisodwa emgqeni ojikelezayo. Isibonelo, sebenzisa elilodwa. I-milling cutter enamazinyo angu-5 2mm okusika izintambo ingacubungula amazinyo ama-5 entambo ngokujula kwentambo okungu-10mm emgqeni we-helical. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula, i-multi-blade machine clamp milling cutter ingasetshenziswa. Ngokwandisa inani lemiphetho yokusika, izinga lokuphakela lingakhushulwa kakhulu, kodwa amaphutha okubeka i-radial kanye ne-axial phakathi kwe-blade ngayinye esatshalaliswa ku-circumference azothinta ukunemba kokucubungula intambo. Uma unganelisekile ngokunemba kwentambo ye-multi-blade machine clamp milling thread cutter, ungazama futhi ukufaka i-blade eyodwa kuphela yokucubungula. Uma ukhetha umsiki wokugaya intambo onama-clamp omshini, ngokuya ngezici ezifana nobubanzi nokujula kwentambo esetshenziswayo, kanye nezinto zokwakha, zama ukukhetha i-shank enkulu yobubanzi (ukuze uthuthukise ukuqina kwethuluzi) kanye nezinto ezifanele ze-blade. Ukujula kokucubungula intambo yomsiki wokugaya intambo ohlobo lwe-clamp kunqunywa ukujula kokusika okusebenzayo kwesibambi samathuluzi. Njengoba ubude be-blade bungaphansi kokujula kokusika okusebenzayo kwebha yamathuluzi, lapho ukujula kwentambo ezocutshungulwa kukhulu kunobude be-blade, idinga ukucutshungulwa ngezendlalelo.
2 Umsiki wokugaya intambo ojwayelekile ohlanganisiwe
Izicucu zokugaya intambo ezihlanganisiwe zenziwe kakhulu ngezinto eziqinile ze-carbide, kanti ezinye nazo zimboziwe. Isicucu sokugaya intambo esihlanganisiwe sinesakhiwo esincane futhi sifaneleka kakhulu ekucubunguleni izintambo ezinobubanzi obuphakathi nobuncane; kukhona nezicucu zokugaya intambo ezihlanganisiwe zokucubungula izintambo ezithambile. Lolu hlobo lwethuluzi lunokuqina okuhle, ikakhulukazi isicucu sokugaya intambo esihlanganisiwe esine-spiral groove, esinganciphisa ngempumelelo umthwalo wokusika futhi sithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula lapho kucutshungulwa izinto ezinobunzima obukhulu. Unqenqema lokusika intambo ehlanganisiwe lumbozwe ngamazinyo okucubungula intambo, futhi konke ukucutshungulwa kwentambo kungaqedwa ngomugqa ojikelezayo isonto elilodwa. Asikho isidingo sokucutshungulwa okunezingqimba njengethuluzi lohlobo lwe-clamp, ngakho ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula kuphakeme, kodwa intengo ibiza kakhulu.
3 Umsiki wokugaya intambo ohlanganisiwe onomsebenzi wokuxubha
Isakhiwo sesikhiphi sokugaya intambo esihlanganisiwe esinomsebenzi wokuxubha intambo sifana nesosikhiphi sokugaya intambo esijwayelekile esihlanganisiwe, kodwa kukhona unqenqema olukhethekile lokuxubha empandeni (noma ekugcineni) konqenqema lokusika, olungacubungula i-chamfer yokuphela kwentambo ngenkathi lucubungula intambo. Kunezindlela ezintathu zokuxubha intambo. Uma ububanzi bethuluzi bukhulu ngokwanele, unqenqema lokuxubha ingasetshenziswa ngqo ukwenza i-chamfer. Le ndlela inqunyelwe ekuxubeni imbobo yangaphakathi enentambo. Uma ububanzi bethuluzi bubuncane, unqenqema lokuxubha ingasetshenziswa ukucubungula i-chamfer ngokunyakaza okujikelezayo. Kodwa uma usebenzisa i-chamfering empandeni yonqenqema lokusika ukuze uxube intambo, naka isikhala phakathi kwengxenye yokusika yethuluzi nentambo ukuze ugweme ukuphazamiseka. Uma ukujula kwentambo ecutshunguliwe kungaphansi kobude bokusika obusebenzayo bethuluzi, ithuluzi ngeke likwazi ukubona umsebenzi wokuxubha. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha ithuluzi, qiniseka ukuthi ubude bokusika obusebenzayo kanye nokujula kwentambo kuyahambisana.
4 Ukubhoboza intambo kanye nomshini wokusika
Umsiki wokubhoboza intambo kanye nokugaya wenziwe nge-carbide eqinile, okuyithuluzi lokugaya elisebenza kahle kakhulu lezintambo zangaphakathi ezincane neziphakathi. Umsiki wokubhoboza intambo kanye nokugaya ungaqedela ukubhoboza imigodi engezansi enezintambo, ukubhoboza imigodi kanye nokucubungula intambo yangaphakathi ngesikhathi esisodwa, kunciphisa inani lamathuluzi asetshenziswayo. Kodwa ububi baleli thuluzi ukuguquguquka kwalo okungekuhle kanye nentengo ebiza kakhulu. Leli thuluzi lakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: ingxenye yokubhoboza yekhanda, ingxenye yokubhoboza intambo maphakathi, kanye nomphetho wokubhoboza empandeni yomphetho wokusika. Ububanzi bengxenye ebhoboziwe ububanzi obuphansi bentambo ithuluzi elingabucubungula. Kunqunyelwe ububanzi bengxenye ebhoboziwe, umsiki wokubhoboza intambo kanye nokugaya ungacubungula izintambo zangaphakathi zencazelo eyodwa kuphela. Lapho ukhetha abasiki bentambo kanye nokugaya, akufanele kucatshangelwe kuphela incazelo yembobo enezintambo ezosetshenziswa, kodwa futhi kufanele kucatshangelwe ukulingana kobude bomshini obusebenzayo bethuluzi kanye nokujula kwembobo ebhoboziwe, ngaphandle kwalokho umsebenzi wokubhoboza awukwazi ukufezeka.
5 Umsiki wokugaya intambo ye-auger
I-thread auger kanye ne-milling cutter nayo iyithuluzi eliqinile le-carbide lokucubungula kahle imicu yangaphakathi, futhi ingacubungula nezimbobo ezingezansi kanye nemicu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuphela kwethuluzi kunomphetho wokusika njenge-end mill. Ngenxa yokuthi i-engeli ye-helix yentambo ayinkulu, lapho ithuluzi lenza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo ukucubungula intambo, umphetho wokusika wokugcina uqala ngokusika izinto zokusebenza ukuze zakhe umgodi ongezansi, bese intambo icutshungulwa ngemuva kwethuluzi. Abanye abasiki be-thread auger milling nabo banomphetho we-chamfering, ongacubungula i-hole chamfer ngasikhathi sinye. Ithuluzi lisebenza kahle kakhulu ekucubunguleni futhi linokuguquguquka okungcono kune-thread drilling kanye ne-milling cutters. Ububanzi bokuvuleka kwentambo yangaphakathi ithuluzi elingacubungula yi-D～2D (D ububanzi bomzimba we-cutter).
6 Isiguquli sentambo ejulile yokugaya
Umsiki wokugaya intambo ejulile ungumsiki wokugaya intambo onezinyo elilodwa. Umsiki wokugaya intambo ojwayelekile unamazinyo amaningi okucubungula intambo onqenqemeni lokusika. Indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwethuluzi nendawo yokusebenza inkulu, amandla okusika nawo makhulu, futhi ububanzi bethuluzi kumele bube buncane kunomgodi wentambo lapho kucutshungulwa izintambo zangaphakathi. Ngenxa yokuthi ububanzi bomzimba wokusika bunqunyelwe, okuthinta ukuqina komsiki, futhi umsiki uphoqelelwa ohlangothini olulodwa lapho kucutshungulwa izintambo, kulula ukuyeka ithuluzi lapho kucutshungulwa izintambo ezijulile, okuthinta ukunemba kokucubungula intambo. Ngakho-ke, ukujula kokusika okusebenzayo kwabasiki bokugaya intambo abajwayelekile cishe kuphindwe kabili kunobubanzi bomzimba wommese. Ukusetshenziswa kwabasiki bokugaya intambo ejulile abasebenzisa izinyo elilodwa kunganqoba kangcono ukushiyeka okungenhla. Njengoba amandla okusika encishisiwe, ukujula kokucubungula intambo kunganda kakhulu, futhi ukujula kokusika okusebenzayo kwethuluzi kungafinyelela izikhathi ezi-3 kuya kwezi-4 ubukhulu bomzimba wethuluzi.
7 Uhlelo lwamathuluzi okugaya intambo
Ukuguquguquka nokusebenza kahle kuyimpikiswano evelele yabasiki bokugaya izintambo. Amanye amathuluzi anemisebenzi ehlanganisiwe (njengokubhoboza izintambo kanye nabasiki bokugaya) anokusebenza kahle kakhulu kokucubungula kodwa ukusebenza kahle okuncane, futhi amathuluzi anokusebenza kahle ngokuvamile awasebenzi kahle. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, abakhiqizi abaningi bamathuluzi bathuthukise izinhlelo zamathuluzi okugaya izintambo ezihlanganisiwe. Uhlelo lwamathuluzi ngokuvamile luqukethe isibambi samathuluzi, unqenqema lwe-chamfering olubhoboza kanye nomsiki wokugaya izintambo ojwayelekile. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemiphetho ye-chamfering ebhoboza kanye nabasiki bokugaya izintambo zingakhethwa ngokuya ngezidingo zokucubungula. Lolu hlelo lwamathuluzi lunokusebenza kahle okuhle kanye nokusebenza kahle kokucubungula okuphezulu, kodwa izindleko zamathuluzi ziphakeme kakhulu.
Imisebenzi nezici zamathuluzi amaningana okugaya izintambo asetshenziswa kakhulu kwethulwe kafushane ngenhla. Ukupholisa nakho kubaluleke kakhulu lapho kugaywa izintambo. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa amathuluzi omshini namathuluzi anokupholisa kwangaphakathi. Ngoba lapho ithuluzi lijikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu, i-coolant yangaphandle ayilula ukungena ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla e-centrifugal. Ngaphezu kwendlela yokupholisa yangaphakathi, engapholisa ithuluzi kahle, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-coolant enengcindezi ephezulu ingasiza ekususweni kwe-chip lapho kugaywa izintambo zembobo ezingaboni. Ikakhulukazi, kudingeka ingcindezi ephezulu yokupholisa kwangaphakathi lapho kugaywa imigodi yangaphakathi enentambo encane. Qinisekisa ukuthi kuphuma i-chip ebushelelezi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ukhetha ithuluzi lokugaya izintambo, izidingo ezithile zokucubungula kufanele zicatshangelwe ngokuphelele, njengeqembu lokukhiqiza, inani lemigodi yesikulufo, izinto zokusebenza, ukunemba kwentambo, imininingwane yosayizi nezinye izinto eziningi, futhi ithuluzi kufanele likhethwe ngokufanele.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-30-2021
